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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. India’s central drug authority has mandated manufacturers of pharmaceuticals to comply with strict testing of raw materials and excipients of every batch and each batch of final product and maintaining records. During inspections, State and UT Drug Controllers will inspect the licensee’s batch release records, ensure there is a robust vendor qualification system, and confirm that raw materials are sourced only from approved vendors.
Source: https://short-url.org/1csET

2. Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) has launched a 100-day awareness campaign on the Goods and Services Tax reduction on medicines and medical devices. Chemists and druggists associations are directed to encourage their members to display awareness posters at pharmacies. Compilation of photographs of the activities undertaken are to be submitted to CDSCO’s headquarter.
Source: https://short-url.org/1csHq

3. The Department of Consumer Affairs has granted three-month permit to leading FMCG, personal care, and medical device firms to use preprinted packaging despite labelling errors. Corrections such as unit sale price, company name, or customer care information must be declared using stamping, stickers, or online printing.
Source: https://short-url.org/1csCZ

4. India has notified its first binding Green House Gas (GHG) emission intensity targets for aluminium, cement, chlor-alkali, and pulp & paper sectors under the GHG Emission Intensity Target Rules, 2025. Industries must reduce emissions per output unit, trade carbon credits, and face penalties for non-compliance, boosting market-driven decarbonization.
Source: https://short-url.org/1habB

5. India’s Central Drug Regulator, CDSCO, has issued a notice inviting stakeholder comments to address disparities in new drug approvals. While the first applicant must conduct full local clinical trials and bioequivalence studies, subsequent applicants gain approval based solely on chemical, pharmaceutical, and bioequivalence data. This creates inequality in regulatory burden and costs. CDSCO seeks feedback by November 7, 2025, to develop fairer drug approval policies.
Source: https://short-url.org/1csDm

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. India’s Central Drug Regulator has reiterated that import of drugs, will be permitted only through notified ports under Rule 43-A of the Drugs Rules, 1945. The designated entry points have been mapped with customs’ ICEGATE system to ensure regulatory oversight and streamline import clearances.
Source: https://short-url.org/1h02u

2. India’s Directorate General of Trade Remedies has initiated an anti-dumping probe into imports of harming domestic producers. The investigation will assess the extent of dumping and its impact for need of anti-dumping duties under Indian laws.
Source: https://short-url.org/1gZMy

3. The National Human Rights Commission has reportedly issued notices to several state governments over multiple child deaths allegedly caused by contaminated cough syrup. It has also directed the drug regulator and Health Ministry to investigate spurious drug supply. Recently, similar action was taken over a gas leak in Maharashtra.
Source: https://short-url.org/1ciNX
https://short-url.org/1ciLx

4. Indian government have reportedly assured Jan Aushadhi Kendra retailers that it will review the newly introduced zero-distance policy, which removed the 1 km minimum distance requirement between outlets in cities with populations of over one million. Retailers are seeking rollback, citing significant losses in sales and profitability due to increased competition.
Source: https://short-url.org/1ciMf

5. The All India Organization of Chemists and Druggists (AIOCD) has reportedly incorporated its first pharmaceutical Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) in Kerala, marking a significant step in empowering local wholesalers to compete with corporate and foreign players. This initiative aims to consolidate traditional distributors into corporate entities, enhancing efficiency and resource pooling.
Source: https://short-url.org/1ciLM

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. The Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), traditionally responsible for preparing standards for medicines, is now reportedly expanding its role to prepare standards for medical devices in collaboration with the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). It has also begun auditing medical device companies and is developing monographs which will outline standards and specifications for medical equipment. This initiative aims to enhance India’s credibility in medical device manufacturing and support export growth.
Source: short-url.org/1c9pE

2. The Telangana High Court set aside a blanket injunction order in a trade secret dispute, holding that confidential information and trade secrets must be clearly identified and proven. It ruled that the trial court erred by granting a blanket restraint and directed a fresh hearing in accordance with law.
Source: short-url.org/1gQnE

3. The Indian government has amended the export policy for rice (both Basmati and non-Basmati) to non-EU European countries, removing the requirement for Export Inspection Council (EIC) certification until April 2, 2026. The EIC certification will, however, remain mandatory for exports to the EU, the UK, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland.
Source: short-url.org/1gQlT

4. The Pharmaceuticals Export Promotion Council (Pharmexcil) has asked pharma exporters to submit cases of delayed or non-payment by overseas buyers to help frame a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). This SOP aims to streamline the process of addressing payment-related grievances and Pharmexcil’s timely intervention.
Source: short-url.org/1c9p-

5. Tamil Nadu Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) is investigating the license of a local cough syrup manufacturer following child deaths in Madhya Pradesh linked to contaminated cough syrup produced by the company. The scrutiny in Tamil Nadu began after a formal request from the Madhya Pradesh Drugs Control Authority and the state drug regulator. In response to these incidents, India’s Union Health Ministry has issued an advisory urging the rational use of pediatric cough syrups banning them for children under two years, advising caution for older children, and promoting rest and hydration as preferred treatments.
Source: short-url.org/1gQng
Source: short-url.org/1c9qC

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. The Department of Pharmaceuticals has issued revising guidelines under the Promotion of Research & Innovation in Pharma-MedTech (PRIP) Scheme that enhances support for MSMEs and startups, introduces milestone-based funding, and raises grant ceilings for early and later stage projects, with higher support for strategic innovation areas. Applications can be submitted through the online portal.
Source: short-url.org/1bYPF

2. The Department of Pharmaceuticals has amended its 2023 Pharma-MedTech R&D scheme, earmarking ₹5,000 crore till 2030. Key updates include funding up to ₹100 crore per project, Centres of Excellence at NIPERs, industry-academia collaboration, and priority focus on new drugs, complex generics, biosimilars, and novel medical devices
Source: short-url.org/1gEoB

3. The Reserve Bank of India has announced that banks can now finance acquisitions, with increase in loan limits against listed shares and IPO financing. These steps are expected to boost liquidity, enable smoother strategic deals, and provide corporates greater flexibility in accessing capital.
Source: short-url.org/1bYPm

4. India’s Consumer Affairs Ministry is reportedly scrutinising e-commerce platforms for cash-on-delivery charges and delayed or denied prepaid refunds, practices that may constitute unfair trade or service deficiency. The probe could mandate COD surcharge waivers, stricter refund timelines, and penalties, as withheld payments let platforms earn interest, leaving customers feeling cheated.
Source: short-url.org/1bYPW

5. Private hospitals in Telangana are allegedly paying unqualified Rural Medical Practitioners and Paramedical Practitioners commission amounting to up to 40% of the hospitalisation charges for patient referrals.
Source: short-url.org/1gEoZ

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. The Delhi High Court has recently ruled that businesses cannot justify failure to reduce prices after a GST rate cut by claiming to have increased the product quantity, especially when such changes are made without informing consumers. Continued non-compliance may lead to GST registration cancellation under anti-profiteering provisions.
Source: short-url.org/1gqnP

2. Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) has clarified that combi-packs of lyophilized injections with standard diluents (e.g., sterile water or saline) used for over four years will not be treated as new drugs, allowing State Licensing Authorities approval. Combi-packs with different diluents will still require CDSCO approval as new drugs.
Source: short-url.org/1gqnS

3. The Ministry of Labour and Employment has released draft Factories Workers Rules under the OSHW Code, 2020, inviting comments until 6th November 2025. The rules mandate safety, health, and welfare measures, including sanitation, ventilation, separate facilities, first-aid, nutrition, and emergency preparedness, with obligations varying by workforce size.
Source: short-url.org/1gqo1

4. Over the next five years, drugs worth $236 billion globally are slated to lose patent protection, paving the way for generic drugs and biosimilars. This “patent cliff” allows Indian pharma to capture market share, grow revenues, and lower drug costs for patients globally.
Source: short-url.org/1gqo6

5. Over the past five years, National Medical Commission (NMC) Ethics & Medical Registration Board has dismissed 162 appeals filed by patients/families alleging medical negligence. India’s Central Health Ministry has now reportedly begun a review of this, planning to consult with NMC to understand and address potential procedural bias.
Source: short-url.org/1bLfY

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. The Delhi government’s ban on sending genetic samples outside the city for prenatal tests like NIPT and PGT, reportedly, faces strong opposition from diagnostic labs in Delhi. The labs have raised concerns that it will overload local labs, cause delays, increase costs, and limit access for patients in NCR and nearby states, urging reconsideration of the directive.
Source: short-url.org/1gmX1

2. The Bombay High Court has in a customs case held that allowing re-testing of seized goods is a trade facilitation measure. Denials must be rare and when made should be supported by written reasons. The court emphasized that refusal to retest should not be the norm.
Source: short-url.org/1gmXa

3. The Indian government will reportedly require all hospitals, both public and private, to include an Adverse Drug Reaction reporting form in every patient admission record. This under the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India aims to standardise monitoring of drug safety and better protect patients from adverse effects.
Source: short-url.org/1bHWo

4. The Committee for Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CCSEA) has clarified that beagle dogs procured from breeders registered with State Animal Welfare Boards or State Animal Husbandry Departments are strictly for breeding colonies, not for experimentation. For testing, dogs must be sourced from CCSEA registered establishments.
Source: short-url.org/1bHWu

5. To ease certificate issuance delays, India’s central drug licensing authority reportedly has plans of shifting data verification in the CoPP (Certificate of Pharmaceutical Product) process to later stages instead of initial stage and conduct verification themselves bypassing initial scrutiny by state regulators.
Source: short-url.org/1gmXq

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. The World Anti-Doping Agency will reportedly classify non-diagnostic use of carbon monoxide to its prohibited method list while preserving its controlled medical and diagnostic use. WADA reportedly said that its use could increase erythropoiesis – the process of creating new red blood cells.
Source: short-url.org/1bq0M

2. The Indian Supreme Court has recently clarified that under the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007, the applicant’s eligibility as a senior citizen is determined on the date of filing the application, not when it is adjudicated. The ruling ensures timely recognition of rights and prevents denial of benefits due to procedural delays.
Source: short-url.org/1g4st

3. The Kerala High Court has called on the State Government to consider setting up dedicated Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances courts in every judicial district to clear the pending cases and enable speedy trials as there are only two special courts currently operational.
Source: short-url.org/1g4sw

4. Odisha government plans to expand Ayurvedic infrastructure by launching integrated AYUSH hospitals, Panchakarma centers, and Ayurvedic colleges. The state aims to boost Ayurvedic education, treatment, and preventive healthcare under the National AYUSH Mission to ensure wider public access.
Source: short-url.org/1g4sC

5. The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s OFAC has sanctioned two Indian nationals, and their India-based pharmacy for supplying hundreds of thousands of counterfeit prescription pills laced with fentanyl and methamphetamine to U.S. consumers.
Source: short-url.org/1g4sI

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

1. The Department of Pharmaceuticals is planning to impose a Minimum Import Price (MIP) on certain active pharmaceutical ingredients and intermediates including potassium clavulanate to deter cheap imports (especially from China) and strengthen domestic raw material production under the PLI scheme.
Source: short-url.org/1fZwh

2. The Delhi High Court has allowed the company to use of the phrase “why settle for ordinary Chyawanprash” in advertisements, but directed removal of the reference “made with 40 herbs”, deeming it disparaging. The court said the remaining claim is permissible as puffery and not misleading.
Source: short-url.org/1fZwo

3. The Bombay High Court has quashed the drug regulator’s stop-production orders against two pharmaceutical companies. The court found the actions violated statutory procedures and denied the companies a fair hearing. However, it clarified that regulators may take fresh action if proper procedures are followed.
Source: short-url.org/1fZwB

4. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India has issued the draft Telecommunication (Broadcasting and Cable) Services Interconnection (Addressable Systems) (Seventh Amendment) Regulations, 2025, seeking stakeholder inputs by 6 October 2025. The draft mandates annual financial year audits, stricter infrastructure sharing rules, and aims for enforcement from 1 April 2026.
Source: short-url.org/1fZwO

5. The Directorate General of Trade Remedies has rescheduled the oral hearing in the anti dumping sunset review of methyl acetoacetate imports from China to October 8, 2025. The review will decide if duties must continue to prevent dumping and protect domestic industry.
Source: short-url.org/1fZwV

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s) on regulatory compliances associated with GST rate reduction of medicines in India

On September 03, 2025, The Goods & Services Tax Council has announced the reduction in Goods and Services Tax (GST) rates for medicines. The reduced GST rates will come into effect on September 22, 2025. In this article, we have answered frequently asked questions (FAQs) about compliance associated with the reduction in GST rates for medicines (other than ayurveda and homeopathy medicines).

[If you are short on time, please read response to Q.3 and 4]

GST reduction and its impact on existing stock

1. Will the reduced GST rates apply to stock of medicines already present in the market, and if so, will the MRP of such medicines have to be reduced?

Yes. The reduced GST rates will apply to all the stock of medicines already present in the market on or after September 22, 2025, irrespective of the fact that it was manufactured, imported or packed prior to September 22, 2025.

The MRP of the medicines available in the market on or after September 22, 2025 will have to be reduced to reflect the reduction in GST rates, and the reduced MRP along with the revised GST rates applicable to medicines will have to be communicated by the manufacturers and importers of medicines to all wholesale and retail dealers. However, the MRP declared on the package of medicines need not be re-labelled or re-stickered. We have discussed this aspect in our response to Q. 5-9 below.

2. Is it possible to retain same MRP on medicines present in the market after reducing GST?

No. While it is generally permissible to increase MRP of medicines by up to 10% in India if they are not essential medicines (i.e. if they are not scheduled formulations under DPCO), doing so for stock of medicines which were manufactured or imported prior to September 22, 2025 may tantamount to denying trade and customers the benefit of reduction of GST, which is not permissible under India’s GST laws and is generally regarded as unlawful ‘profiteering’.
 
Compliances to be undertaken on account of reduction in GST rate

3. Which mandatory compliances should a manufacturer or importer of medicines undertake before September 22, 2025 to ensure compliance with applicable laws?

Manufacturers and importers of medicines should circulate a revised price list of medicines manufactured or imported or marketed by the company in Form V of DPCO to wholesale and retail dealers, State Drug Controllers, National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) and Department of Pharmaceuticals (DoP), indicating revised GST rates and the revised MRP effective from September 22, 2025. The revised price list may be circulated through any suitable communication channel, including WhatsApp and email.

4. Which mandatory compliances should be undertaken by a manufacturer or importer of medicines on or after September 22, 2025 to ensure compliance with applicable laws?

Manufacturers and importers of medicines should undertake the following steps as soon as possible on or after September 22, 2025, in addition to declaring reduced MRP on package:

  • Submit the revised price list in Form V of DPCO on the IPDMS portal of NPPA, on or before October 6, 2025.
  • File Form II of DPCO to report a decrease in MRP on IPDMS Portal of NPPA, on or before October 6, 2025, applicable only if the medicine is part of list of scheduled formulations under DPCO.

    • Re-labelling of existing stock of medicines with revised MRP

5. Is it mandatory to declare reduced MRP on the label of medicines available with wholesale and retail dealers, which have been manufactured in India or imported into India before September 22, 2025?

No. It is not mandatory to declare reduced MRP on the label of medicines available with wholesale and retail dealers which are manufactured in India or imported into India before September 22, 2025.

However, all such medicines manufactured in India or imported into India on or after September 22, 2025 must declare reduced MRP on their label.

6. Is it mandatory to declare reduced MRP on the label of medicines stored at manufacturer’s or importer’s warehouse, which have been manufactured in India or imported into India before September 22, 2025?

No. It is not mandatory to declare reduced MRP on the label of medicines stored at manufacturer’s or importer’s warehouse, which have been manufactured in India or imported into India before September 22, 2025 provided the compliance described in response to Q. 3 have been taken.

However, if a manufacturer or importer of medicines wishes to voluntarily declare reduced MRP on the label of medicines, then the compliances described in response to Q. 7, 8 and 9 should be followed.

It is recommended that the unsold stock of medicines stored at manufacturers or importer’s warehouse should be re-labelled with reduced MRP before sale to trade, in order to reduce risk of allegation of overcharging or profiteering due to failure of retailer to sell at reduced MRP despite being notified by the manufacturer or importer about the reduction of MRP.

7. Is any permission required to re-label medicines with reduced MRP on account of reduction of GST?

Yes. While there is a prevailing understanding that all State Licensing Authorities (SLAs) in India have temporarily relaxed the requirement to obtain a manufacturing license or NOC by the manufacturers or importers for declaring reduced MRPs on medicines manufactured or imported by them before September 22, 2025, it may be pragmatic to confirm this understanding locally with the SLA of the State in which re-labelling is sought to be carried out before doing the re-labelling.

For example, in Delhi, it is mandatory for manufacturers and importers to obtain a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Delhi Drug Control Department prior to declaring reduced MRP on the label of medicines on account of revision of GST and no time-limit has been specified before which such re-labeling may be carried out on the label of medicines.

Please note that the re-labelling to reflect reduced MRP on account of reduction in GST is subject to conditions which are discussed in response to Q. 8 and Q.9 below.

8. If a manufacturer or importer wishes to declare revised MRP on medicines which were manufactured in India or imported into India before September 22, 2025 and whose stock is available with wholesale and retail dealers or is present in manufacturer’s or importer’s warehouse, what are the legal compliances that such manufacturer or importer should be aware of?

Assuming the manufacturer or importer has complied with the mandatory requirements outlined in response to Q. 3 and 7 above, it may lawfully declare revised MRP by re-labeling medicines which have been manufactured in India or imported into India before September 22, 2025, after fulfilling the below-mentioned conditions:

  • The original MRP must remain visible, and the revised MRP must not be overwritten on it.
  • Other declarations on the label should not be affected.
  • The stocks should be re-called in a phased manner to avoid any shortage of the medicines in the market.

9. What are the permitted ways of declaring reduced MRP on the pack of medicines on account of reduction in GST?

Assuming the manufacturer or importer has complied with the mandatory requirements outlined in response to Q. 3, 7 and 8, the manufacturers and importers of medicines may declare reduced MRP on pack of medicines by stamping or affixing stickers or by printing.
Compliances applicable to wholesale and retail dealers

10. How are wholesale and retail dealers expected to know the revised GST rate and reduced MRP applicable to medicines stocked by them, if the stock of medicines available with them does not carry on the label a declaration of reduced MRP as of September 22, 2025?

As indicated in response to Q. 3, all manufacturers and importers of medicines are required to notify wholesale and retail dealers about revised GST rates and reduced MRP latest by September 21, 2025 by circulating a revised price list in Form V which is effective from September 22, 2025.

Accordingly, on or after September 22, 2025, all wholesale and retail dealers of the medicines must refer to the revised price list received from the manufacturer or importers of medicines before selling stock of medicines in their possession.

11. What are the compliances applicable to wholesale and retail dealers who have stock of medicines manufactured in India or imported into India prior to September 22, 2025?

On or after September 22, 2025, all wholesale and retail dealers must:

  • Sell medicines at reduced MRP after applying revised GST rates;
  • Verify the revised GST rate and reduced MRP against the revised price list in Form V received from the manufacturer or importer of medicines;
  • Display the revised price lists of medicines received from the manufacturers or importers on a conspicuous part of the premises where they carry on business; and
  • Not alter, tamper, over-sticker or re-label the existing product packaging.

    Penalties for non-compliance

    • 12. What are the consequences of failure to circulate revised price list in Form V to wholesale and retail dealers before September 22, 2025?

    The failure to circulate Form V before September 22, 2025 may result in recovery of the difference between old MRP and revised MRP from the manufacturer or importer of medicines as ‘overcharging’, along with interest and penalty, even though overcharged amount has been realized by the wholesale dealer or retail dealer.

    The failure to submit Form V on the IPDMS portal on or before October 6, 2025 will constitute a violation of DPCO and may lead to penal action under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 including fine and imprisonment.

    13. What are the consequences of non-submission of Form II of DPCO before October 6, 2025?

    Non-submission of Form II of DPCO is deemed to be a failure to reduce MRP of medicines by the manufacturer or importer despite reduction in GST rates. The manufacturer or importer may be held liable for overcharging consumers and be required to pay the overcharged amount, along with interest and a penalty. It may also result in criminal prosecution under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, inviting fine and imprisonment if convicted. Form II is required to be submitted only in case of reduction of MRP of medicines which are classified as scheduled formulations under DPCO.

    Requirement for obtaining a manufacturing license or NOC from State Licensing Authority for re-labelling

    14. Will declaration of reduced MRP on packages of medicines be considered to be “manufacturing” and require a manufacturing license or NOC from State Licensing Authority or CDSCO?

    The re-labelling of a medicine may be legally construed as manufacture of medicine under The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 (D&C Act), and such manufacturing activity requires a license from the Licensing Authority under D&C Act. The Licensing Authority in case of manufacturing of medicines in India is the respective State Licensing Authority i.e. SLA (for example – State Drug Control Department, State Food and Drug Administration). Such a license is require from SLA irrespective of whether the drug is manufactured in India or imported into India,

    As indicated in response to Q. 7, the possibility and time-limit for carrying out the re-labelling of medicines with reduced MRP should be checked locally with the respective SLA in each state where the re-labelling is sought to be carried out prior to undertaking re-labelling.

    Disclaimer: This article contains personal views of the authors and should not be considered as legal advice.

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    TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

    Dear Readers, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

    1. India’s Central Pollution Control Board mandates real-time photographic monitoring of pharmaceutical effluent emissions, requiring automatic uploads to central portals. Non-compliance may trigger instant penalties and plant shutdowns forcing pharma CEOs and founders to implement on-site imaging systems immediately or risk regulatory sanctions.
    Source: short-url.org/1beOU

    2. The Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission has inaugurated the 5th National Pharmacovigilance Week (17–23 Sept 2025) themed “Your Safety, Just a Click Away: Report to PvPI”. The initiative aims to encourage broader participation in adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting by healthcare professionals and patients to strengthen pharmacovigilance.
    Source: short-url.org/1beP1

    3. Telangana’s health department has sealed 115 pharmacies attached to corporate hospitals after discovering critical breaches such as no registered pharmacists on duty, absence of purchase-sale records, stocking expired drugs, and improper storage of thermolabile medicines. Authorities have issued notices to hospital managements and warned of strict legal action under pharmacy and drug laws.
    Source: short-url.org/1fSXe

    4. US President reportedly advised pregnant women to avoid paracetamol (Tylenol), citing suspected links to autism. The U.S. FDA has begun label-revision to reflect “possible association,” though causation isn’t proven. However, the WHO, EU regulators, and medical experts emphatically refute the claim, stating evidence remains inconsistent and insufficient to establish causality.
    Source: short-url.org/1bePe

    5. U.S. officials are reportedly exploring the launch of a branded web portal potentially called “TrumpRx” that enables consumers to search for prescription medicines and purchase them at discounted prices directly from manufacturers.
    Source: short-url.org/1fSUh