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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Absence of essential medicines in a hospital constitutes medical negligence
India’s National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission (NCDRC) has held that absence of an essential injectable medicine within the hospital, resulting in administration of an alternate injection to a patient who later died, constituted medical negligence. The court ordered the Hospital to pay Rs 25 Lakh as compensation.
Source: bit.ly/3UtaJ7u

Cost of conducting clinical trial of drug published in public domain for first time
Médecins sans frontières (MSF/doctors without borders), a non-governmental organization dedicated to delivering international medical aid, has published cost of conducting clinical trial of a new drug. As per MSF, no pharmaceutical company has published actual cost of conducting clinical trials, though such costs are frequently referenced to justify high drug prices.
Source: bit.ly/3wjvo5J

Indian standards for infant formula permit addition of sugar, therefore controversy surrounding added sugar in infant food unwarranted: Industry
A popular infant formula formulation company has clarified that the sugar content in their product is within the limits prescribed by India’s food regulator, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). This clarification was issued after reports that the product being sold in low-and-middle income countries has high sugar content.
Source: bit.ly/3UsnaQH

Indian medical device regulator has allowed sale of sleep apnea devices post rectification of foam degradation issue
A major manufacturer of sleep apnea therapy devices has reportedly confirmed that its devices are sold in India without the foam degradation issue, which had previously caused it to recall its devices in India and around the world. In the US, the manufacturer has agreed to provide users of affected devices with new, updated, or equivalent devices with a renewed warranty or a refund.
Source: bit.ly/3WufUXh

Revised guidance for referencing of biological products by biosimilar drugs published for comments by US FDA
The US Food and Drugs Administration (USFDA) has released a revised guidance entitled “Promotional Labeling and Advertising Considerations for Prescription Biological Reference Products, Biosimilar Products, and Interchangeable Biosimilar Products.” The guidance addresses various questions that manufacturers, packers, distributors, and their representatives/firms may have when developing FDA-regulated promotional labeling and advertisements (promotional communications) for prescription reference products, biosimilar products, and interchangeable biosimilar products licensed under the Public Health Service Act (PHS Act).
Source: bit.ly/3wudFsl

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

NOC for the manufacture of unapproved drugs meant for export will be issued by the Central Drug Regulator
India’s Central Drug Regulator (CDSCO) will be the competent authority to issue the No Objection Certificate (NOC) required by pharmaceutical companies for the manufacture of unapproved, new, or banned drugs for export purposes, starting from 15th May 2024. The NOC will be issued by the zonal offices of CDSCO. The application for NOC will have to be made online. Prior to CDSCO, it was the State Licensing Authorities that issued NOCs.
Source: bit.ly/4dkZO8u

Producers of Batteries can meet EPR Targets and file Annual Returns by June 30, 2024
The deadline for meeting Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) targets and submitting annual returns by the producers of all types of batteries has been extended to June 30, 2024.
Source: bit.ly/4a0Uynx

Private hospitals demand payment of interests from the government on delay of reimbursement for treatment under Ayushman Bharat Scheme
India’s Association of Healthcare Providers (AHPI) has raised concerns over inordinate delay in receiving reimbursement for treatment provided to Ayushman Bharat beneficiaries, which impedes cash flow and poses serious operational issues for all hospitals. The Association has urged that the government pay 1 percent interest on payments delayed beyond one month under the Ayushman Bharat scheme, which is the Central Government’s flagship universal health coverage scheme, as well as change of package rate to allow beneficiaries to avail of continued benefits from the Ayushman Bharat Scheme
Source: bit.ly/3wimXHQ

US government likely to ease restrictions on regulation of Marijuana
The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is likely to reclassify marijuana as a less dangerous drug by moving it from a tightly regulated class to a less tightly regulated class. Although the DEA’s proposal would highlight the medical benefits of cannabis, it would not allow its use for recreational purposes. The White House Office of Management and Budget is reportedly still in the process of reviewing the idea.
Source: bit.ly/4a2osrm

Form 483 notice need not to be responded by manufacturers of medical devices within 15 days: US Medical device experts
According to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) officials, a medical device manufacturing company is not required to respond to a Form 483 notice (Notice of Inspectional Observations) within 15 days. The 15-day deadline for response applies to warning letters and not to Form 483 notices, though the FDA advises that if the manufacturer wishes to respond to a Form 483 notice, then it should do so within 15 days of the notice.
Source: bit.ly/44FHVxn

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Indian Drug Manufacturers will have to put in place prompt and effective recall procedure soon
At a meeting called by India’s Health Ministry with drug manufacturers, the Ministry has reportedly reminded all drug manufacturers that they will have to put in place a prompt and effective drug recall system. Such a drug recall system is a mandatory requirement of revised Schedule M of Drugs Rules, 1945, which is scheduled to come into effect on 27th June 2024 for large enterprises, and on 27th December 2024 for small and medium scale enterprises.
Source: bit.ly/3wbgKgZ

India’s central food regulator to conduct own testing and investigation into pre-packed spices manufactured in India
India’s Central Food Regulator (FSSAI) has recently issued a statement declaring that it is currently in the process of collecting samples of fruit and vegetables, fish products and spices and culinary herbs, as part of its scheduled surveillance for salmonella and other contaminants. This statement has come in light of the recent ban by Governments of Hong Kong and Singapore on certain brands of Indian spices, on the basis that the products contained Ethylene Oxide, a known carcinogen that can cause breast cancer and lymphoma.
Source: bit.ly/3UFCXgH

Supreme Court seeks explanation from Central Government on proposal to fix prices for ophthalmologic procedures
The Supreme Court has issued a Notice to the Central Government, seeking response on the nature of power and viability of regulations that permit government to uniformly fix the prices across private hospitals for Ophthalmologic procedures. The Court has clubbed this matter along with a pending case, where the Central Government has been directed by the Supreme Court to determine a policy to fix uniform prices for procedures done at private hospitals.
Source: bit.ly/4bzRdx9

If husband is unable to contribute gamete, then wife is not barred from seeking gamete from a donor for IVF: High Court
In a recent decision, the Calcutta High Court has held that, under India’s current regulatory regime surrounding In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF), there is no restriction that requires that either the egg or the sperm must come from the couple seeking the IVF themselves. A married woman may seek to obtain sperm from a third party donor.
Source: bit.ly/3Uocq68

Excessive prescription and use of Antibacterial medicine in treatment of COVID-19 has increased global Antimicrobial Resistance: WHO
The World Health Organization has recently posted findings from its Global Clinical Platform for COVID-19, which are an anonymized repository of worldwide treatment data. These findings have revealed that there has been rampant over-prescription and use of antibiotics worldwide, in the course of treating COVID-19, which has contributed to the globally rising Antimicrobial Resistance problem.
Source: bit.ly/4dnzWcb

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

New Framework to be created to separately regulate prices of Medical Devices
In response to demands from industry associations, India’s Central Drug Price Regulator, the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA), in collaboration with the Department of Pharmaceuticals is reportedly in the process of developing a special pricing framework for Medical Devices comparable to similar prevailing regulations in other jurisdictions.
Source: bit.ly/49Wh8hc

Testing Standards for stability testing of In-Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices have been prescribed to obtain manufacturing/ import license
India’s Central Drugs Standards Regulator (CDSCO) has released a draft Guideline regarding conduct of Stability Studies for In-Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices (IvDMD). These guidelines cover the standards and testing for determining the overall shelf life, individual component stability, stability during transportation as well as, in-use stability of IvDMD. These guidelines are applicable for all manufacturers who are in preparation of submitting a pre-market review document in pursuance of obtaining a manufacturing/ import license under the Medical Devices Rules, 2017.
Source: bit.ly/4aP4TUJ

Students pursuing courses in Indian System of medicine will have to give exit test prior to applying for Registration as a practitioner of Indian System of Medicine: Delhi HC
In a recent decision, the Delhi High Court has held that only those students that have already obtained their respective recognized qualifications (either a BAMS, or BUMS degree) would be permitted to initiate the process for registering as a practitioner of Indian Traditional Medicine. This decision was taken on the basis of Sec. 15(1) of the National Commission for Indian School of Medicine Act, 2020 which mandates a common final exit test to be cleared prior to registration with State Register.
Source: bit.ly/3JxjPLo

Government relaxes obligation of deductees to pay higher TDS for persons whose PAN remained inactive for FY 2023-2024
In pursuance of Circular No. 3 of 2023, a person whose PAN (Permanent Account Number) has become inoperative has been subject to a higher rate of TDS. The Central Board of Direct Taxes has issued a notification recently, which relaxes this obligation of persons to deduct at a higher rate of TDS, for all transactions dated till 31st March 2024 provided that the linked PAN is reactivated before 31st May 2024.
Source: bit.ly/4aR96HE

AI Taking up more of Doctors’ time since it needs more training and monitoring
In a set of recently published studies at various teaching hospitals, it was revealed that using AI to manage patient interaction and medical records to assist Doctors has in fact, lead to Doctors spending more time on the tasks delegated to the AI, since the Doctors were now required to train and supervise the AI in addition to carrying out their regular responsibilities for these tasks.
Source: bit.ly/3Wg75QU

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Strict quality checks to be done by the food regulatory authority of powdered spices in India
Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has announced plans to conduct comprehensive quality checks of different brands of powdered spices following an import ban by Hong Kong and Singapore on certain packaged powdered spices manufactured two popular Indian brands. The ban was ordered due to alleged discovery of a cancer-causing pesticide, ethylene oxide, which is also prohibited for use in food products by FSSAI in India.
Source: bit.ly/4b8aiWU

India too may soon allow sale of drugs without license
A Committee chaired by India’s Directorate General of Health Services will reportedly publish a list of drugs which can be sold over the counter (OTC) at retail stores, which are not druggists and chemists store. Unlike other countries like US, UK or China, India does not currently have any rule that allows sale of drugs over the counter.
Source: bit.ly/3UellH0

New voluntary standards for allopathic clinics to be implemented from June
India’s National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH) has published Accreditation Standards for Allopathic Clinics (2nd Edition). NABH will start issuing accreditations as per this standard from 1st July, 2024. New applications or renewal applications as per the 1st Edition Standards will not be accepted after 30th June, 2024.
Source: bit.ly/3xKLMwx

Indian Pharma Companies need to implement differential pricing strategies to leverage patent cliff: DOP study
A study conducted by India’s Department of Pharmaceuticals (DOP) states that pharmaceutical companies should come up with competitive pricing strategies and investigate differential pricing models based on regional economic factors and healthcare systems to ensure affordability and improve accessibility to capitalize on patent cliff opportunities. The report states that over 20 drugs with a combined sales value of $251 billion are expected to go off-patent in the current decade.
Source: bit.ly/4dbsCAg

World Health Organization outlines ten fundamental patients’ rights in its Patient Safety Rights Charter
The World Health Organization has launched the Patient Safety Rights Charter. This first-ever charter identifies ten fundamental patients’ rights in the context of safety and provides healthcare workers, leaders, and governments with the tools they need to build patient-centered healthcare systems, enhancing patient safety and lowering the risk of harm. WHO has recognized increasing patient safety through systemic and systematic action as a global priority.
Source: bit.ly/3WcsnPg

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Insurance Regulator Removes Barrier to offering Insurance Policy to Senior Citizens among other underserved demographics
India’s Central level Insurance regulator the IRDAI has recently issued the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (Insurance Products) Regulations, 2024, where it has removed the barrier to insurance for persons over the age of 65 years. Previously, persons defined as “Senior Citizens” were not catered to, in terms of fresh insurance policy offerings.
Source: bit.ly/3JsNLIj

Pharmacists who were not personally dispensing medication at pharmacy penalized by Karnataka Pharmacy Council
The Executive Committee of the Pharmacy Council of the Indian State of Karnataka, by exercise of powers under Section 36 of the Pharmacists Act, 1948 has decided to take disciplinary action against certain Pharmacists for violation under Section 42 whereby only Pharmacists are permitted to dispense medication. It was found that several Pharmacists in the state were absent from their posts and had only been registered with their pharmacies for namesake.
Source: bit.ly/3QB2jtJ

Consumer Affairs Ministry has urged FSSAI to initiate Action against major food manufacturer for high sugar content in infant formula
India’s Central Consumer Affairs Secretary, in a recent letter to the Central Food Regulator (FSSAI), has urged it to initiate action against a major food product manufacturer, in light of the recent serious allegations regarding the heightened sugar content in the infant formula the company has been marketing in India.
Source: bit.ly/3xUo0Ox

India’s Central Bank has published Draft Circular regulating Point-of-Sale Payment Aggregators: Requiring compliance with Guidelines for online Payment Aggregators
India’s Central Bank, the Reserve Bank of India, has issued a Draft Circular for regulation of Payment Aggregators providing point-of-sale services, whereby, within 3 months of publication of final version of this Notification, all entities that are currently providing such services will be mandated to adapt and comply with all requirements concerning Guidelines on governance, merchant on-boarding, customer grievance redressal and dispute management framework, baseline technology recommendations, security, fraud prevention and risk management framework, as provided in a prior Notification on Regulation of Payment Aggregators and Gateways published in 2020.
Source: bit.ly/3U7NwY7
Source: bit.ly/3w55rHa

EU may revise categorization of Personal vs Commercial Confidential Data in Marketing Authorization Process
The European Union Regulator has begun consultation regarding an update to the current regulation surrounding what constitutes Personal data vs Commercial Confidential data in respect of protecting business secrets in marketing authorization applications submitted by pharmaceutical and medical devices companies.
Source: bit.ly/3JvpCRA

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, we are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Draft Guidance on Vaccine Approval and Quality Monitoring at port of Import published by Central Drug Regulator for Public Commect
The Central Government has recently published a draft of guidance on (1) regulatory framework for conducting vaccine related clinical trials, marketing approval, manufacture, import/ export and post marketing assessment and (2) Risk Based Approach for monitoring quality of imported drugs, medical devices and IVDs at customs ports. Public Comment is sought on these above Guidance Notes, within 30 days of publication i.e. by 10th May 2024.
Source: bit.ly/3xIoiIv
Source: bit.ly/4cVOpvL

Merchants Association Request Central Government Intervention to Stabilize trade of Medicines and Medical Devices with Africa
The Federation of Pharmaceutical and Allied Products Merchant Exporters, an industry association of small and medium sized importers and exporters, has advocated for fiscal and trade policy intervention including continued efforts to stabilize Rupee value, by the Government to stabilize the export of Medicine and Medical Products to Africa, which has seen a sharp decline due to rising shipping tariffs caused by ongoing geopolitical conflicts.
Source: bit.ly/3Q8qlvT

Threefold Increase in FDI in Healthcare and Medical Device Sector in India during latter half of FY 2023-2024
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into the Hospital and Diagnostic Sectors in the country has increased by about 90% in the last quarter of 2023-24, as compared to the same quarter the previous year. Moreover, the Medical and Surgical Implements Sector has also seen a nearly 1/3rd growth by proportion during the same time. The total FDI received in hospital and medical devices sector stood at USD 462 Million.
Source: bit.ly/3U6Km70

Modern medicine Doctor body Expresses Concerns regarding Introduction of Integraded School of Medicine as Treatment
The Indian Medical Association, a professional representative body of Doctors, has expressed its concerns regarding the proposal of the Central Government to institute Integrated Medicine, which would offer treatments which are a mix of allopathic, homeopathic and traditional medicine. The Council expressed concern that due to the vast gulf in the manner of training, specialization and expertise between the various schools of medicine means that integration and cross practice treatment may pose severe risk to patient.
Source: bit.ly/3U6yi5E

EU and Japan harmonize Pharmacopoeia for ease of doing Business and regulatory Burden
The European Directorate for the Quality of Medicine and Healthcare, and the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare have entered into a Memorandum of Cooperation and Confidentiality, to coordinate efforts to harmonize the European and Japanese Pharmacopoeia, a move that would reduce the regulatory burden on manufacturers operating in the twin jurisdictions, with respect to carrying out compendial tests and IP approval.
Source: bit.ly/3UmRBJo

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, We are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Guidance for making regulatory applications for biological and biotechnology products such vaccines may be revised soon
India’s central drug regulator, Central Drugs Standards Control Organization (CDSCO), has issued draft of revised guidance which seeks to align the online regulatory application process with applicable law i.e. The New Drugs and Clinical Trial Rules, 2019. Recently, the CDSCO has started accepting regulatory applications through NSWS portal. All stakeholders have time until April 25, 2024 to submit their suggestions/comments.
Source: bit.ly/3JlwIrU

Indian Pharma industry has sought clarity from Government on ethics of sponsoring foreign trips of doctors to attend scientific and training programs outside India.
An industry group representing multinational pharma companies has reportedly approached the Indian Government for seeking clarity on the issue of Indian doctors being sponsored by pharma companies for attending medical events outside India. A recent guidance issued by Department of Pharmaceuticals called Uniform Code for Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices, 2024 (UCPMP) has stated that pharma companies will not sponsor travel and hospitality of Doctors unless they are speaking in medical events.
Source: bit.ly/3JklqnG

New Guidance document for generation and transfer of EPR Certificate under E-Waste Management Rules issued
India’s Central Pollution Control Board has issued a guidance document which explains steps to be taken by recyclers, recycling facilities under the E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2022 for generation of EPR Certificate. It has been clarified that EPR Certificate will have validity of 2 years. All importers and manufacturers of electric and electronic equipment including medical devices are required to procure EPR Certificates from registered recyclers to discharge their respective Extended Producer Responsibility obligations.
Source: bit.ly/44242Oc

Nestle wins class action suit filed by Government in the infamous Maggie Noodles case
The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) has dismissed the Indian government’s 2015 complaint against Nestlé India over the safety of its Maggi noodle products. The Indian government had accused Nestlé of engaging in unfair trade practices by adding a ‘No added MSG’ label and claimed that the instant noodle product contained impermissible lead levels. However, NCDRC has noted in its order that the lead content in the tested instant noodle products was within permissible limits and that the Food Regulator itself had permitted brands to carry No Added MSG label if MSG was not deliberately added by manufacturer during the manufacturing process.
Source: bit.ly/3vIR1MJ

US based telehealth companies penalised for selling personal information
The United States Federal Trade Commission has reportedly taken action against an alcohol addiction telehealth company, for sharing health information to third parties including some major social media companies and search engines. A proposed order to settle the allegations will prevent the company from disclosing sensitive data for advertising purposes, among other penalties.
Source: bit.ly/43ZfoCi

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, We are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Delay condonation should be evaluated based on reasons provided and not merits of case: Supreme Court
In a recent decision, the Supreme Court held that in condoning delay for a filing for which limitation period has been stipulated under the Limitation Act, 1963, a Court should not base its decision on whether such delay has been condoned in a similar matter, evaluating delay on merits of the fact situation, but rather each delay should be evaluated on the grounds pleaded in the application for its condonation.
Source: bit.ly/49MllnH

Central Government to take strict action against non-compliance with quality maintenance in manufacture of fire-resistant fabrics raw material
The Indian Central Government is intending to take stringent action against violators of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Quality Control Order for raw material used to manufacture fire-resistant fabric used in upholstery used in commercial spaces such as cinema halls, conference halls etc. Pursuant to issue of this Quality Control Order, only those raw material that have been certified by the BIS may be used in manufacture of commercial space upholstery. However, this Quality Control Order does not apply to upholstery used in households or those manufactured for export.
Source: bit.ly/4cKT4R3

Indian Government partners with Quality Council of India to improve services at Central Government run hospitals
India’s Central Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with the Quality Council of India, to help improve quality standards for healthcare delivery at government run hospitals and help the hospitals get accredited by the National Accreditation Body for Hospitals/ Laboratories.
Source: bit.ly/3Ub0ful

Prices of imported Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient see sharp decline due to action against cartelized manufacturers
Despite an increase in demand in the Indian domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing sector for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), indicated by a 39% increase in year-on-year imports, the price of APIs being imported from China and other countries has reduced significantly to pre-COVID levels. This reduction is suspected to be caused by breaking-down of manufacturing cartels. This reduction in prices of API signifies an increase in profit margins for Indian firms which have traditionally been depended on Chinese imports.
Source: bit.ly/43Qlo0d

ECHR holds that inaction against climate change may be considered violation of human rights
The European Court of Human Rights has issued an award in favour of several Switzerland based petitioners who brought claims against their Government. The Court held that the European Convention on Human Rights envisages citizens right to be protected by their government against adverse effects of climate change. The petitioners had claimed that the inaction of the Swiss government and insufficient mitigation measures had caused a violation of the petitioners’ human rights, since such inaction by the government has increased their likelihood of dying of heat stroke.
Source: bit.ly/3JbMLZ6

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TOP 5 HEALTH LAWS AND POLICY UPDATES

Dear Reader, We are happy to share the most interesting legal and policy updates concerning health industry that we read today. We hope you enjoy reading it.

Environmental Compensation Guidelines for Plastic Waste Published
India’s Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has issued guidelines for the assessment of Environmental Compensation (EC) for violation of The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016. The Producers, Importers, Brand Owners and Manufacturers of plastic packaging will have to pay environmental compensation (EC) for non-compliance with the marking or labelling requirements, non-registration on the Plastic Packaging Waste EPR portal, shortfall in EPR targets, non-filing of annual returns etc. EC would also be levied on the generators of waste for non-segregation of plastic packaging waste at source and littering. The environmental compensation will be higher (15 – 20%) than the EPR credit charges prevailing in the market to ensure that it acts as a deterrent. The guidelines also specify the minimum and maximum amount of environmental compensation to be levied for violations of specific provisions of the Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016.
Source: bit.ly/3U6zhUJ

Importer of cosmetics inadvertently receives import registration for cosmetic product without applying for it
India’s Central Regulatory Body for Cosmetics, The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), recently cancelled the import registration certificate of an importer of cosmetics after it realized that it had inadvertently granted registration certificate even though the importer had not applied for it. CDSCO has attributed the mistake to some technical issues.
Source: bit.ly/3vNc0xQ

Hair transplantation by doctor with M.B.B.S. degree only does not automatically result in negligence, if standard of care not compromised by doctor: National Consumer Commission
India’s National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission (NCDRC) in Hyderabad refuse to fasten liability for medical negligence on a Doctor with M.B.B.S, who had performed a hair transplant surgery. The NCDRC observed that the M.B.B.S. course syllabus includes study of the dermis, and that a doctor with a M.B.B.S. degree has the qualifications and expertise to undertake minor surgeries of dermis such as hair transplantation.
Source: bit.ly/3PWQBZN

Indian hospitals have started using Artificial Intelligence extensively: Report
India’s major hospital chains have reportedly started using artificial intelligence (AI) for prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and personalized management. These hospital chains are also commercializing their AI solution by licensing it with smaller hospitals.
Source: bit.ly/43Ua6rF

French Government decides to impose fines on patients if they miss appointment with doctors
The French government has decided to impose a fine of five euro ($5.50) on patients who miss doctor appointments or cancel them with less than twenty-four hours’ notice. The Government homes that this initiative would free up missed appointments for other patients. It is reported that over 27 million doctor consultations go waste in France due to patient absences.
Source: bit.ly/49p7Iug